From Texas to Rome: The Journey of the 36th Infantry Division

The 36th Infantry Division, known as the "Texas Division," played a crucial role in the Italian Campaign during World War II, fighting from the shores of Salerno to the liberation of Rome. The division, originally formed from Texas and Oklahoma National Guard units, was reactivated in 1940 and became one of the most battle-hardened units in the Mediterranean theater.

Major Gen. Fred L. Walker: A Leader of Distinction

Under the command of Major General Fred L. Walker, the division demonstrated extraordinary resilience, determination, and tactical skill. Walker, a seasoned leader, navigated his men through some of the war’s most challenging battles, from the initial landings at Salerno to the brutal fighting at Monte Cassino and beyond.

Key Battles and Events

• The Salerno Landings (Operation Avalanche) – September 9, 1943. First U.S. division to land on the European mainland.
• The Capture of Altavilla Silentina (Point 424) – September 13–15, 1943. Securing critical high ground under intense  fire.
• The Battle of San Pietro Infine – December 8–17, 1943. Devastating combat. Captain Henry T. Waskow lost his life here.
• The Rapido River Disaster – January 20–22, 1944. Failed river crossing. Over 2,000 casualties. 
• Regrouping at Caserta – February 1944. The division received reinforcements and reorganized.
• The Battle of Anzio – May 1944. Played a key role in the breakout toward Rome.
• Breaking the Caesar Line – Monte Artemisio – May 30–31, 1944. Final obstacle before Rome.
• The Liberation of Rome – June 4, 1944. One of the first U.S. units to enter the capital.

Tour Itinerary: Following the Footsteps of the 36th Infantry Division

• Day 1: Salerno Beachhead – Paestum – Altavilla Silentina (Point 424)
• Day 2: San Pietro Infine – Rapido River – Monte Cassino – Cassino War Cemetery
• Day 3: Anzio Beachhead – American Cemetery – Monte Artemisio – Velletri

Personal Stories: Keeping the Memory Alive

Captain Henry T. Waskow: His death at San Pietro Infine moved the world through Ernie Pyle’s famous article.

Frank Moster: Remembered by the Perna family in Serre, featured in Susan Gayle’s book "The Caves of San Pietro."

Legacy of the 36th Texas Division

From Paestum to Rome, the 36th Infantry Division endured some of the most brutal battles of World War II. Their courage and sacrifice changed the course of history. Today, their legacy lives on through books, films, and battlefield tours.

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